InterPro domain: IPR035100

This group represents transcription elongation factor IIS (TFIIS) and uncharacterized transcription factor S-II-related proteins from viruses. TFIIS is a component of RNA polymerase II preinitiation complexes, and is required for preinitiation complex assembly and stability [ 1 ]. TFIIS binds to RNA polymerase Pol II, and in stalled and arrested elongation complexes it stimulates the cleavage of the nascent transcript at the 3' end. It enhances the excision of mis-incorporated nucleotides by RNA polymerase II, providing an mRNA proof-reading mechanism during transcription elongation [ 2 ]. Three distinct TFIIS isoforms exist in vertebrates [ 3 ].

1. The transcription elongation factor TFIIS is a component of RNA polymerase II preinitiation complexes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 104, 16068-73
2. Transcription elongation factor S-II maintains transcriptional fidelity and confers oxidative stress resistance. Genes Cells 8, 779-88
3. Identification of novel genes encoding transcription elongation factor TFIIS (TCEA) in vertebrates: conservation of three distinct TFIIS isoforms in frog, mouse, and human. Genomics 52, 278-88