InterPro domain: IPR033753

This is a family of glycine cleavage H-proteins, part of the glycine cleavage system (GCS) found in bacteria, archaea, and the mitochondria of eukaryotes. GCS is a multienzyme complex consisting of 4 different components (P-, H-, T- and L-proteins) which catalyzes the oxidative cleavage of glycine [ 1 ]. The H-protein shuttles the methylamine group of glycine from the P-protein (glycine dehydrogenase) to the T-protein (aminomethyltransferase) via a lipoyl group, attached to a completely conserved lysine residue [ 2 ].

This enty includes Abitram proteins. Abitram (also known as Simiate) functions in transcription regulation [ 3 ]. Furthermore, it associates with both G- and F-Actin and affects actin polymerization and actin turnover, influencing filopodia dynamics and arborization of neurons [ 4 ].

1. The glycine decarboxylase system: a fascinating complex. Trends Plant Sci. 6, 167-76
2. X-ray structure determination at 2.6-A resolution of a lipoate-containing protein: the H-protein of the glycine decarboxylase complex from pea leaves. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91, 4850-3
3. Identification and characterisation of Simiate, a novel protein linked to the fragile X syndrome. PLoS ONE 8, e83007
4. Simiate is an Actin binding protein involved in filopodia dynamics and arborization of neurons. Front Cell Neurosci 8, 99