InterPro domain: IPR027124

This family includes SWR1-complex protein 5 (Swc5) from fungi, and craniofacial development protein 1 (CFDP1) and 2 (CFDP2) from animals.

Swc5 is a component of the SWR1 complex which mediates the ATP-dependent exchange of histone H2A for the H2A variant HZT1 leading to transcriptional regulation of selected genes by chromatin remodeling. It is involved in chromosome stability [ 1 , 2 , 3 ].

Gene duplication of the ancestral bnct (bucentaur) gene leads to the h-type bnct (cfdp1) gene and the p97bcnt (cfdp2) gene. Cfdp2 is rumiant-specific, containing a region derived from the endonuclease domain of a retrotransposable element RTE-1 not found in human and mouse [ 4 ]. For this reason bcnt has been used as a model for molecular evolution [ 5 , 6 , 7 ]. CFDP1, also known as Cp27, may play a role during embryogenesis [ 8 ].

1. A Snf2 family ATPase complex required for recruitment of the histone H2A variant Htz1. Mol. Cell 12, 1565-76
2. A protein complex containing the conserved Swi2/Snf2-related ATPase Swr1p deposits histone variant H2A.Z into euchromatin. PLoS Biol. 2, E131
3. ATP-driven exchange of histone H2AZ variant catalyzed by SWR1 chromatin remodeling complex. Science 303, 343-8
4. A tandem gene duplication followed by recruitment of a retrotransposon created the paralogous bucentaur gene (bcntp97) in the ancestral ruminant. Mol. Biol. Evol. 23, 798-806
5. Existence of a bovine LINE repetitive insert that appears in the cDNA of bovine protein BCNT in ruminant, but not in human, genomes. Gene 211, 387-94
6. Gene organization of bovine BCNT that contains a portion corresponding to an endonuclease domain derived from an RTE-1 (Bov-B LINE), non-LTR retrotransposable element: duplication of an intramolecular repeat unit downstream of the truncated RTE-1. Gene 268, 59-66
7. A transposable element-mediated gene divergence that directly produces a novel type bovine Bcnt protein including the endonuclease domain of RTE-1. Mol. Biol. Evol. 20, 1556-63
8. CP27 affects viability, proliferation, attachment and gene expression in embryonic fibroblasts. Cell Prolif. 35, 207-19