InterPro domain: IPR005938

This family includes yeast CDC48 (cell division control protein 48) and the human orthologue, transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase (valosin-containing protein) [ 1 ]. It also includes CDC48 homologues from Archaea [ 2 ]. These proteins in eukaryotes are involved in the budding and transfer of membrane from the transitional endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus. The archeal homologue of eukaryotic CDC48/p97 functions with the 20S proteasome by unfolding substrates and passing them on for degradation [ 3 ]. CDC48 consists of an N-terminal domain that binds two hexameric ATPase rings (D1 and D2) surrounding a central pore [ 4 ].

1. Yeast cell cycle protein CDC48p shows full-length homology to the mammalian protein VCP and is a member of a protein family involved in secretion, peroxisome formation, and gene expression. J. Cell Biol. 114, 443-53
2. Cloning, sequencing and expression of VAT, a CDC48/p97 ATPase homologue from the archaeon Thermoplasma acidophilum. FEBS Lett. 404, 263-8
3. Unfolding the mechanism of the AAA+ unfoldase VAT by a combined cryo-EM, solution NMR study. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 113, E4190-9
4. Molecular Mechanism of Substrate Processing by the Cdc48 ATPase Complex. Cell 169