InterPro domain: IPR003386

This entry represents a group of lipid metabolizing enzymes, including LACT and LPLA2 from humans, and PDAT from plants.

Lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LACT), also known as phosphatidylcholine-sterol acyltransferase ( 2.3.1.43 ), is involved in extracellular metabolism of plasma lipoproteins, including cholesterol. It esterifies the free cholesterol transported in plasma lipoproteins, and is activated by apolipoprotein A-I. Its structure has been revealed [ 1 ]. Defects in LACT cause Fish eye disease and familial LCAT deficiency [ 2 ].

Phospholipid:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (PDAT)( 2.3.1.158 ) is involved in triacylglycerol formation by an acyl-CoA independent pathway. The enzyme specifically transfers acyl groups from the sn-2 position of a phospholipid to diacylglycerol, thus forming an sn-1-lysophospholipid [ 3 ].

Lysosomal phospholipase A2 (LPLA2) ( 3.1.1.5 ) plays important roles for lung surfactant metabolism and maturation of invariant natural killer T cells. Its structure has been revealed [ 4 ].

1. The high-resolution crystal structure of human LCAT. J. Lipid Res. 56, 1711-9
2. Fish eye syndrome: a molecular defect in the lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) gene associated with normal alpha-LCAT-specific activity. Implications for classification and prognosis. J. Clin. Invest. 92, 479-85
3. Schizosaccharomyces pombe cells deficient in triacylglycerols synthesis undergo apoptosis upon entry into the stationary phase. J. Biol. Chem. 278, 47145-55
4. Structure and function of lysosomal phospholipase A2 and lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase. Nat Commun 6, 6250