Numerous bacterial transcription regulatory proteins bind DNA via a helix-turn-helix (HTH) motif. These proteins are very diverse, but for convenience may be grouped into subfamilies on the basis of sequence similarity. One such family, the lysR family, groups together a range of proteins, including ampR, catM, catR, cynR, cysB, gltC, iciA, ilvY, irgB, lysR, metR, mkaC, mleR, nahR, nhaR, nodD, nolR, oxyR, pssR, rbcR, syrM, tcbR, tfdS and trpI [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]. The majority of these proteins appear to be transcription activatorsand most are known to negatively regulate their own expression. All possess a potential HTH DNA-binding motif towards their N-termini.

1. rbcR [correction of rcbR], a gene coding for a member of the LysR family of transcriptional regulators, is located upstream of the expressed set of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase genes in the photosynthetic bacterium Chromatium vinosum. J. Bacteriol. 173, 5224-9
2. The Escherichia coli K-12 cyn operon is positively regulated by a member of the lysR family. J. Bacteriol. 174, 3645-50
3. Identification of NolR, a negative transacting factor controlling the nod regulon in Rhizobium meliloti. J. Mol. Biol. 222, 885-96
4. A large family of bacterial activator proteins. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 85, 6602-6
5. iciA, an Escherichia coli gene encoding a specific inhibitor of chromosomal initiation of replication in vitro. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 88, 4066-70

Numerous bacterial transcription regulatory proteins bind DNA via a helix-turn-helix (HTH) motif.
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